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DFS explores as far as possible along each branch before backtracking. It is useful for topological sorting, cycle detection, and maze solving.
Implement DFS traversal for a graph given an adjacency list and a starting node.
Recursive or Stack-based. Mark current node visited. For each unvisited neighbor, recursively call DFS. Backtrack when no unvisited neighbors remain.
Time complexity is O(V + E). Space complexity is O(V) for recursion stack.
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